Dyscalculia (Math LD)

Despite the absence of a universally agreed-upon definition of dyscalculia, it is typically identified by challenges with number sense, memorization of arithmetic facts, and accurate or fluent calculation.

Dyscalculia, also known as "number dyslexia" or "math dyslexia," is a learning disability that affects an individual's ability to understand number-related concepts, perform accurate mathematical calculations, reason, problem-solve, and carry out other basic math skills.

Students with Dyscalculia may show one or more of the following — patterns vary widely and rarely look the same in any two learners.

• may have trouble connecting a number to the quantity it represents (the number 2 to two apples)
• may have trouble counting, both backward and forward
• may struggle comparing two amounts
• may have difficulty recognizing quantities without counting (like dots on a die)
• may struggle recalling basic math facts (like multiplication tables)
• may have difficulty linking numbers and symbols to amounts
• may struggle with mental math and problem-solving
• may have trouble making sense of money and estimating quantities
• may struggle telling time on an analog clock
• may have difficulty with visual and spatial orientation
• may not immediately sort out direction (right from left)
• may have difficulty recognizing patterns and sequencing numbers
• may have trouble memorizing sequences (order of tasks, days of the week)
• may have difficulty choosing the calculation for the numbers in a word problem
• may demonstrate anxiety when tasked with any math-related work

• Give students more time to complete assignments and tests
• Allow the use of calculators
• Adjust the difficulty of assignments to meet the student's needs
• Break down complicated problems into smaller, more manageable steps
• Put up posters to remind students of basic math concepts
• Include formulas on assessments
• Provide tutoring or academic support that targets core, foundational skills
• Supplement learning with computer-based interactive lessons and hands-on projects

• ADDitude Magazine — "What Is Dyscalculia? Math Learning Disability Overview"
• LDA (Learning Disabilities Association of America) — "What is Dyscalculia?"